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The calcium overload activates calcium-dependent enzymes (e.g., calpain, nitric oxide synthase [NOS]), generating ROS and mitochondrial dysfunction, which triggers the release of apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome C, thereby activating caspase-9 and caspase-3

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LICAR: An application for isotopic correction of targeted lipidomic data acquired with class-based chromatographic separations using multiple reaction monitoring

Consistent with this, KEGG pathway analysis revealed downregulation of -oxidation in KO mice, accompanied by upregulation of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, reflecting a systemic shift in fuel preference toward carbohydrates driven by carnitine depletion and impaired fatty acid oxidation