l carnitine tmao koeth 2013 nature medicine TMAO: how gut microbiota contributes to heart failure Innovative carnitine-fed rats model reveals

This powerful nutrient therapy supports energy metabolism, fat utilization, and endurance at a cellular level

In the event of IBDs, the relevance of polyphenols has been described in previous literature, exerting their benefits in this condition by many different mechanisms including the reduction of epithelial damage, inflammation, hemorrhage, oxidative stress, gut dysbiosis, apoptosis, gland dysfunction, bloody stools, and ulcerations while promoting an increase in mucin content, number of crypts and reinforcing the integrity of the epithelial barrier [47]

LWT 124:109130

As mixed meal tolerance tests (MMTTs) were not performed for participants of 5 years of age or younger or at 6 weeks from diagnosis, fasting C-peptide/glucose was used rather than MMTT AUC due to larger coverage of the time series