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Research on the regeneration of cardiac tissue based on energy metabolism has become feasible

3.3 The role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of DN Diabetes prevalence is rising globally, with diabetic nephropathy (DN)affecting 20%50% of diabeticsbeing the leading cause of ESRD ( 3.3.1 System Xc GSHGPX4 axis imbalance GPX4, the central suppressor of ferroptosis, detoxifies lipid peroxides (PLOOH) with GSH as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of DN ( subunit) and GPX4, with reduced GSH and elevated lipid peroxides under high glucose (HG) ( 3.3.2 Iron overload under high glucose promotes ROS generation and triggers ferroptosis HG disrupts iron homeostasis: upregulated TFR1 (iron uptake) and downregulated FTH1 (iron storage) lead to LIP expansion ( 2+ triggers Fenton reactions, generating ROS and lipid peroxides

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