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Metz CN, Tracey KJ

Factors that erode enamel There are many substances, habits and health conditions associated with erosion or the dissolving of the tooth surface: Soft drinks, fruit drinks, energy and sports drinks, wine, beer, spirits, and acidic foods, including fruits, pickles and tomatoes Dry mouth (xerostomia), a condition in which there is not enough saliva to wash away harmful acids or provide the necessary calcium and phosphate ions to remineralize the tooth surface Related conditions, such as gastric reflux disease or bulimia, that cause stomach acid to frequently enter the mouth Medication side effects due to acidic makeup or interference with saliva production Defects in enamel surfaces that are more susceptible to acid, due to tooth structure determined by genetics Mechanical sources, like friction, caused by bruxism or wear from overly abrasive toothpaste or aggressive brushing, particularly with a hard-bristled toothbrush Occupational factors, such as exposure to industrial acid vapors Constant chlorine exposure (e.g., for swimmers) Signs of enamel erosion Signs of erosion, particularly in children and adolescents, can be subtle and difficult to detect, and some signs may not be readily visible to the individual

CrossRef PubMed Siahpush M, McNeill A, Hammond D, Fong GT

[112] New Zealand had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 7.12/10, ranking it 55th globally out of 172 countries